Ventilator



(No Model.)

O. B. LOVELESS.

VENTILATOR.

No. 319,590. A y Patented June 9, 1885.

llNiTnn 'rares .tireur trice.,

CHARLES B. LOVELESS, OF WORTHINGTON, MINNESOTA.

VENTl LATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,590, dated June 9,1885.

Application tiled February 24, 1885. (No model To aZZ whom it may concern.'

Be it known that l, C1-marins B. LovnLnss, a citizen of the United States, residing at Worthington, in the county of Nobles and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsv in Ventilators; and l do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and eXact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters and iigures of reference marked thereon.

Figure l of the drawings is a perspective view of my invention; Fig. 2, a sectional elevation thereof, and Fig. 3 a detail view in perspective of the cowl attachment.

The present invention is designed as an improvement on my former patent, dated July 15, 1884, No. 301,904, and the object thereof is to provide a ventilator that will operate on the principle of a suction and force pump,and that can be successfully used for halls, public buildings, and other` like structures, also as an attachment for chimneytops, whereby it will effectually suck the foul air and smoke from a poorly-ventilated room and the smoke from poorly-constructed draft-chimneys by forcing the smoke out at the top, forming a strong vacuum below, thus sucking the smoke or foul air therefrom and rendering a perfect system of ventilation.

The above-named objectsI attain by the construction substantially as shown in the drawings and hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the outer cylinder or casing, contracted at its lower end, as shown at a, for the purpose of fitting into the ends of factory smoke-pipe or 'foul-air pipes, and can also be made with a suitable base to tit over tops of chimneys. Within the casing A is a conical depending air-chamber, B, provided with a dish-shaped or concave bottom, b. This conical air-chamber,becoming heated,serves to produce a suction and draw up the smoke, as indicated by the arrows, and its conical form more effectually condenses the smoke as it rises, and thereby increases the intensity of the draft when the wind does not blow, and acting with the wind when it does blow.

rlhe upper end of the air-chamber B has entering into it a wind-liuc, C, provided at its lower end, at a point above the air-chamber, a fiaring deflecting-plate, F.

The wind-flue C extends up to the top of the easing A, and is provided with a cowl, D, having a suitable vane, E, supported on a central rod, d, and adapted to revolve thereon. This cowl D is of peculiar constructiomand its especial purpose is to keep out snow and rain from the ventilator, it being formed of three sections, the section f being in one piece and of sufficient area to cover the entire smoke-flue or casing and wind-flue at the top thereof, the

section f forming a roof, with the front part curved, as shown, to form a bonnet, g. The section h of the cowl D is located directly under the bonnet g and extends downward or in an opposite direction thereto, as shown at a point below the upper edge of the casing A, thus forming a concavo-convex guard-plate, h. The third section of the cowl D consists of the curved apron G, connected to the under side of the guard-plate h, and is so formed as to protect that portion of the casing A directly back of the guard-plate from snow and rain and prevent it from entering therein, while all dampness will drip from the bonnet g to the guard-plate h, and be conducted off thereby. It will therefore be seen that every provision is made in the construction of the cowl so as to keep out of the ventilator all snow, rain, and moisture, this being essential to its perfect operation, especially when used in Ventilating large halls through the roof; also in Ventilating vaults and like structures.'

The cowl D is formed with a neck, t', which fits into the upper end of the flue D, forming an extension to the upper end thereof.

The apron G is a very important factor to the cowl D, it not only preventing the snow or rain from entering the top of the casing A at a point under the guardplate h, but also prevents the Wind from entering and passing down the casing, it being a part of the cowl and turning with it, face to the wind, the apron also directing the passing wind to the rear of the casing and causing the smoke to be sucked from behind the apron and that portion of flue under mouth of cowl.

The flaring deflecting-plate F is for the purpose of directing the air as it strikes and turns on the concave bottom b, whereby the air will be forced in contact with the smoke in the IOO casing A immediately above the iiaring deflecting-plate, said plate giving the same angle or direction as the angle of the chamber B at the top thereof. This causes a downward current of air in the center of the flue C, and as it turns and comes out into the casing A strikes the smoke at a lower point, and thereby lifts it or foul airat a point lower in the ventilator, by which means a stronger suc- 1o tion is created, and the smoke lifted bodily. The suction being created at a low point in the ventilator, the air has no possible chance to get in at the top of the casing and supply the vacuum formed below; hence a suction force is created in lower lines, chimneys, vaults, and

other structures where ventilation is needed.

The ventilator constructed as herein described is equally applicable vas a car-ventilaf tor, also as an attach ment to ships, steamboats, 2o vaults, closets, and all places where foul air is found, and-especially as an attachment to a chimney, whereby the building` of high chimneys is rendered unnecessary.

In the operation of the ventilator, the wind enters the cowl D at the mouth thereof, passing down the iiue C and coming against the concave bottom I), which guides it against the ilange e, and is deflected in an upward course in an outward direction by means of the flaring plate F, creating a vacuum or suction and l effectually drawing the smoke or foul air up through the casing A.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 3 5 1. The combination, with a ventilator, of a cowl constructed of two segmental concavoconvex independent sections extending from a neck or short pipe-section, the upper one of the concave-convex sections Haring upwardly 4o at its front end and at its rear end having a flat rim, and the lower section Haring in a downward direction and having depending from its underl side a segmental apron, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a ventilator, an outer casing provided ator near its lower end Ywith a conical air.- chamber having a concave plate at the base thereof, in combination with a central windflue having a cowl at its upper end and at its 5o lower end a iiaring deliectingplate, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES B. LovELEss.

Witnesses:

M. l?. MANN, MARIAN Lg GRANDALL. 

